Apple-tree Narodnoe is a hybrid obtained by breeding Papirovka and Bellefleur-Chinese. It was bred in 1937 by the Institute of Genetics and Horticulture. I.V. Michurin, and in 1964 it was entered in the state register. The variety showed high yields and good adaptation to different climatic conditions.
Cultivation of an apple tree People
Characteristics of the variety
Initially, the main goal of Professor S.I. Isaeva was an increase in the consumer merits of the original varieties. It was envisaged to increase the shelf life, immunity to scab. The breeding problems were solved.
Advantages and disadvantages
The apple variety Narodnoye has the following advantages:
- fruits have excellent taste: tasting score - 4.75 points or more.
- winter hardiness (resistant to frost up to - 30 ° C);
- self-fertility (does not require pollinators, even in cloudy weather it is well pollinated);
- early maturity (the first harvest in some regions can be obtained in a year);
- minimal susceptibility to disease;
- long shelf life of fruits (up to 4 months);
- yield (an impressive amount of harvest even for young trees);
Disadvantages:
- mature trees, in contrast to young ones, may have irregular fruiting;
- unremarkable color.
Description of the tree and fruit
The hybrid belongs to the group of semi-dwarf fruit trees of the Rosaceae family.
The height of the tree can be 4.5 m. The trunk and branches of the skeletal type have a brownish tint. The crown is round, not prone to thickening, has a slight spreading. The leaves are deep green, matte, slightly fleecy, ovoid.
Ripe apples of a light golden color. They have an irregular rounded shape, ribbed. Gray dots are visible under the outer skin. Some fruits have a characteristic dividing seam.
Taste
Outwardly, the People's Apple is not very attractive, but its taste compensates for everything.
The fruits are of the dessert type. The taste is bright, sweet, but unpleasant, with a slight sourness. Juicy, dense yellow pulp.
Yield
Early fruiting tree. The first crop may appear in 1-2 years after planting. The yield increases every year, and the peak comes in 4-5 years.
From one mature apple tree, you can get up to 160-170 kg of fruits, which is a fairly high figure.
Winter hardiness
Due to its excellent winter hardiness, this species can be planted in regions with severe frosts (up to -30 ° C).
But it is better to prepare for the cold weather in advance. To do this, in winter, it is necessary to systematically compact snow, and in its absence, the soil near the tree, so as not to lose moisture and heat.
In the first years of life, apple trees need shelter. This is especially important in areas with snowy and long winters.
After leaf fall, in autumn, at a temperature of about 0 ° C, the branches are tied in bunches and attached to the trunk with a rope or cloth (you need to do this carefully so as not to injure the plant). Dress and fix the canvas bag. Such preparation will help the culture overwinter.
Disease and pest resistance
Preventive measures will keep the apple tree healthy
According to the description, the variety is immune to scab and other diseases. But in regions with high humidity, it is necessary to carry out a set of preventive procedures.
Growing regions
It is recommended to cultivate the folk apple tree in the Central region, especially in Moscow and the Moscow region, and also the regions of Belgorod, Saratov, Voronezh and Lipetsk can be attributed there. In the Middle Volga region, good breeding is noted.
On the territory of the Urals and the North-West, the plant needs more thorough preparation for wintering, because prone to freezing of shoots that are not formed to frost.
It is necessary to choose an area protected from the wind and to cover young trees 2-3 years after planting.
Landing
This species will show its best qualities if certain conditions for planting and care are met. A semi-dwarf tree will feel comfortable in a small garden.
Selection of seedlings
Saplings can be purchased both on the market and in the apple nursery. The planting material should be at least 1.5 m, the bark should not be damaged, and the age should be about 1-2 years.
Another sign of a healthy seedling is elastic and well-moistened roots from 5 to 15 cm. In the case of a fragile root system, there is a possibility of plant infection. A young seedling, which is 1-1.5 years old, does not yet have branches.
Landing dates
The best planting time is the first two months of autumn. The variety is frost-resistant, so it does not need a long adaptation to winter cold snaps.
If the planting period fell on the spring season, then it is better to carry out the procedure from mid-April to mid-May, while you need to take care of watering.
Landing technology
It is necessary to choose a calm place with good lighting. The distance between plants should not be less than 3 m. Before planting, the crown is cut off a little.
The landing site is dug about 40-50 cm deeper and more of the root system. Fertilizers are buried below the roots or applied by watering.
A prerequisite is to tie the seedling to three pegs - this way it takes root better. It is necessary to water and mulch the trunk circle with either peat or humus.
Care
The hybrid is unpretentious, and also does not need special care. Those who want to get an increased yield from this variety need to water and fertilize in a timely manner.
There is a need for preventive measures to protect the tree from diseases and pests.
Watering
Trees are watered once a week
After planting, for the first 4-6 weeks, it is necessary to provide weekly watering. In dry weather, 10 liters of water are used per apple tree. After 8 weeks, the trees should be watered twice a week. Watering is reduced during the rainy season.
In the future, the schedule should be as follows: once a week, 1-2 buckets of water are consumed per seedling.
Top dressing
Periodically, the culture must be fertilized. Particular attention is paid to this at the initial stage of seedling growth and in the first year of life.
- At the beginning of the growth of the culture, the Effekton preparation (1 tbsp. Per 10 l of water) is suitable for fertilization. Use no more than 2 liters. Young leaves are especially carefully sprayed with it.
- In June, 2 dressings with Effekton are carried out with an interval of 2 weeks. Instructions for use are indicated on the packaging.
- In the first year of planting, in July, ash is scattered around the seedling in a layer of 2-3 cm, after which it is watered.
- In autumn, the trunk circle is mulched with peat laying about 20-30 cm. After harvesting the fruits, 300 g of potassium sulfate and superphosphate R are scattered along the trunk circle. If the season is dry, the land should be watered in advance (about 30 liters per seedling).
- Mature trees need feeding. The crop may become irregular, it is necessary to apply phosphate-potassium fertilizers.
Pruning and shaping the crown
The crown is not prone to thickening, and in a simple garden does not need annual pruning. A good harvest will still be guaranteed. If necessary, cut off only unhealthy, defective and injured branches.
If the apple tree branches poorly, during late spring or early autumn, the lateral shoots are shortened by 1/3. This variety only requires sanitary pruning.
Prevention and methods of struggle
The variety is prone to some lesions.
- Powdery mildew. Depending on the time of the lesion, it is necessary to use different methods of treatment. Water-soluble repellent Topaz and fungicidal preparation are used immediately after flowering, and after harvesting the fruits, copper sulfate or Topaz. For prevention, infected trees are sprayed with ash decoction at intervals of 2 weeks.
- Scab. Before the growing season and in the summer, both the apple tree and the ground are sprayed with the preparation Skor. Preventive measures for this disease are the rejuvenation of trees, sufficient air circulation, waterlogging is not allowed, fallen leaves are removed in a timely manner.
- Bacterial burn. In the year of planting, at the beginning of July, as well as after heavy rains and prolonged heat, the culture can be sprayed with a solution of Streptomycin. In the second year of life, it is recommended to use a tetracycline solution. With the threat of popularizing the disease, it is better to burn the plant.
Prevention will be the correct arrangement of trees, the correct choice of planting material. It is important not to injure the plant when using sharp instruments.
After the elimination of the infected apple tree, the earth is disinfected with copper sulfate.
Features of ripening and fruiting
The beginning of fruiting occurs in late summer or early autumn.
The ripeness period is determined by the size of the fruit and the color of the skin. An apple can reach 8 cm or more in size, and it will be light green in color. It is he who is subject to long-term storage.
The fruits are able to stay on the tree for a long period and not fall off. The harvest lasts until mid-autumn, and sometimes the last apples are harvested with the first autumn frosts.
Harvesting and storage
Ripe fruits taste great
If long-term storage is expected, it is better to harvest an unripe crop. But it is recommended to eat the ripe fruit that has all the richness of taste.
The collected fruits are placed in special wooden boxes, covered with sawdust in a layer of 2 cm. They are covered with paper, then apples are placed in 5 layers, each of them is covered with paper. The fruits should not touch each other. The storage temperature should be around 0 ° C.
Apple tree subspecies
In 1961, the Uslada variety was obtained by re-hybridizing Narodny and Severyanka. The apple tree has gray bark and brown branches. The crown needs shaping. The species is early-ripening, high-yielding, medium-sized apple.
Gardeners reviews
Gardeners believe that even a novice gardener will quickly cope with leaving. This is an unpretentious species with good immunity. The tree does not need pruning, which makes it much easier to care for. The fruits retain their quality characteristics for a long time, but it is advisable to pick them when they are not fully ripe.
It is recommended to be attentive to feeding, they will have a positive effect on the future harvest.
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The plant is hardy, and with proper and caring care it can live and bear fruit for a long time.