The Bryansk beauty is a pear variety that attracts gardeners with external qualities, unpretentiousness to care, and a high yield indicator. The fruits are juicy and soft, smell good. A pear can be stored for a long time and not lose external qualities.
Pear "Bryansk Beauty" has a blush that will become dark burgundy only when the ripe.
Fruits are elongated-pear-shaped tuberous, the color of unripe pears is dark green with a reddish blush.
Selection history
The pear of the Bryansk Beauty variety did not just get its name. She was bred near the city of Bryansk. Breeder N. I. Rozhnov discovered a novelty, the advantages of which were appreciated by many breeders. Until today, no one knows the history of the discovery of this variety.
It is believed that such varieties as New Year's and Williams Red were used in the selection. Initially, the variety was developed specifically for the Black Earth Region, but very quickly became popular in many other regions. The pear spread throughout the central part of Russia, including reaching the Urals.
Grade description
The tree grows low, medium, has a rounded crown. The bark of the shoots is painted in a burgundy brown. A characteristic feature of the variety is a unique shade of apical leaves on a young growth - bright, burgundy red. After laying the apical bud, the leaves on the young shoots acquire a dark green color. Foliage of elongated shape, medium in size, with short pointed ends. The sheet plate is smooth, shiny.
The variety has late flowering - buds open at the end of spring frosts. For this reason, critical temperatures at the beginning of the growing season do not affect the size of the crop. Fruiting occurs on the 5th year. From one hectare, gardeners collect about 20 quintals of fruit.
Pears are large, on average weigh up to 210 g. The shape is regular, elongated pear-shaped. The peel is golden yellow in color, on the one hand has a slight blush. There are small subcutaneous dots of a gray tint. The pulp is creamy, medium density, tender, buttery, juicy, sweet.
Pears ripen in the first half of September. At room temperature, the fruits are stored for about 14 days, in the refrigerator - more than 60 days.
Do pollinators need pollinators?
The variety belongs to self-fertile trees, which contributes to self-pollination. No other pollinators are needed to set the fruit. This feature is an advantage of the variety if there are no suitable pollinating plants nearby. But the crop without them can be low.
Scientists claim that self-fertile varieties are unstable, and their productivity depends not only on climatic conditions, but also on the terrain in which they grow.
To ensure a stable crop, it is desirable that next to the Bryansk beauty, a pollinator tree grows. The main thing is that the flowering of both trees should be almost simultaneous. If there are already suitable plants in the neighboring plot, it is not necessary to plant it in your garden. For additional pollination, it is permissible to plant other varieties of pears on the tree. But there should not be too many of them, due to the fact that they can grow very much.
Landing Features
The preparatory process before planting a pear is an important point that requires compliance with certain conditions and requirements. The landing itself is quick and easy. But the right process will ensure the speedy growth and development of the plant.
Choosing a place and time
Pear variety prefers a lot of heat and light. In a shaded place, the shoots are stretched, productivity decreases, the fruits are formed exclusively on the tops, since only they appear under the sun's rays. The area where the tree grows should be well lit by the sun. Experienced gardeners recommend planting the variety on small slopes with low groundwater. It is better not to plant the tree in moist lowlands where moisture stagnates for a very long time.
The culture will grow well and bear fruit if planted on loamy or sandy loam soils with low acidity. The site should be well protected from strong winds, especially in winter, when low temperatures are combined with low humidity. The plot where the tree protects the fence or outbuildings will be successful.
It is permissible to plant container seedlings throughout the season by transshipment. The best time for planting pears with open roots in the Central region is considered to be early spring, before the buds open. In the autumn period in this region there are protracted cold days, frosts at night. For these reasons, plants planted in the fall may die. In the south, it is advisable to plant pears in the fall, no later than 14 days before the cold snap. Until the end of November, with good weather and a normal level of humidity, plants will have time to grow stronger and take root.
Seedlings selection
When choosing a seedling, be sure to consider them. Usually gardeners buy one- or two-year-old plants that have a developed root system, and there are no signs of rot and damage. On the trunk 10 cm from the root neck there should be a seal - the place of vaccination.
Saplings bought before the cold can no longer be planted, they are dug up. In the garden, dig a trench with one inclined side, lay a plant on it and sprinkle it with earth, cover with a spruce top, which helps protect them from freezing in winter and damage by animals.
Phased landing
For spring planting, landing pits are prepared in the fall, for autumn planting - in the spring. The size of the landing pits is 100x75 cm. Dig a hole two weeks before the work. Mix the fertile layer of earth with two buckets of humus, add 100 g of superphosphate, 100 g of potassium salt or 500 g of ash.
To make the tree better take root, dust the roots of the seedling with Kornevin or lower it for several hours in a solution with this stimulator.
How to plant a tree:
- Pour into the pit part of the prepared land in the center in the form of a knoll.
- Lower the plant, spreading the roots in different directions. Transfer the seedling from the container into the pit along with an earthen lump.
- Drive a stake next to a tree.
- Sprinkle the seedling with earth, shake it slightly to cover all the voids, tamp the soil.
- Tie the plant to the stake so that when the wind sways, the seedling does not vomit from the ground.
- Water the pear by adding 20 l of water to the irrigation furrows.
- Mulch with a layer of hay, straw.
- Shorten the tree to stimulate the growth of lateral shoots (during spring planting).
To protect the seedlings from spring frosts, spraying with Epin or covering with agrofiber will help in the first days after planting.
Care for the Bryansk beauty
The Bryansk beauty is a variety that is unpretentious in maintenance, but it is important to know how to help the tree grow correctly in order to receive a good crop from the plant in the future.
Watering and loosening regularity
The pear has a powerful root system, for this reason it is able to fully provide itself with moisture. But with a lack of water, in early spring, the growth of shoots and leaves slows down, in the summer period the ovaries form weakly, the taste of the fruits worsens. If not enough water has accumulated in the fall, cold resistance is reduced. Extra watering is especially needed for young plantings. Once a week, add 20 l of water under the plant.
Fruiting trees are watered less often - moisten them well during flowering and after flowering. If at this time the pear is not saturated with moisture, the ovaries form weakly. To saturate the soil with moisture to a depth of 80 cm, add 60 l of water under the plant. In the fall, in the absence of precipitation, on the eve of the first frosts, carry out water-charging irrigation - add 80 l of water under the plant.
The introduction of water under the pears is carried out in irrigation furrows by sprinkling or using a drip irrigation system:
- When sprinkling water under pressure is sprayed over the crown and soil, thereby increasing the level of humidity. To less moisture evaporate, water the plant early in the morning or in the evening. During flowering, it is undesirable to sprinkle, otherwise it is fraught with washing off pollen and a decrease in yield.
- Drip irrigation it is convenient to use in large plantings: pipes or tapes with droppers are placed along the rows of pears and pressurized to supply water - it evenly flows to the roots of plants through dispensers. This method will help to save water consumption and not erode the soil.
Keep the stem circle in a loose, weed-free condition. After watering or rain, loosen the ground around the tree to a shallow depth so as not to damage the roots that are in the surface layer. Next, lay straw and humus around the trunk - the mulch layer not only prevents moisture evaporation and weed growth, but also activates the beneficial microflora of the soil, inhibiting the development of pathogenic organisms, protecting the root system from overheating in summer heat, and in winter - from freezing.
Top dressing
To form a crop, a pear needs a large amount of nutrients. For these reasons, it is advisable to fertilize the pear with organic and mineral substances. Add organics under the tree every 3-4 years in the fall during digging - 25-30 kg per adult tree. Use fertilizer as compost, manure, humus or litter.
Organic fertilizers contribute to the enrichment of the soil and accelerate the absorption of mineral fertilizers by the tree. Apply organic fertilizers in liquid form or during digging, mineral fertilizers in dry or dissolved form:
- Before flowering, fertilize the tree with 60 g of saltpeter or 120 g of urea.
- After flowering, spray the plant with a urea solution of 5%. This will allow the pear to grow faster.
- In the fall, apply 120 g of superphosphate and 60 g of potassium chloride to the soil. For plants under the age of 6 years, apply one and a half times less fertilizer.
Additionally, you can fertilize the tree in the fall using 700 g of wood ash, and also in the spring - sow siderat plants on the outer part of the trunk circle - they saturate the soil with nitrogen, then become a natural mulch.
Tree pruning
Bryansk beauty is a vigorous pear variety. A tree needs regular crown formation and thinning pruning. This procedure contributes to the correct formation of the crown, which facilitates care and increases the amount of light entering the ripening fruits.
Trim like this:
- Pruning is carried out from the second year of the tree's life, in the spring, until the buds open. Choose 3-4 of the strongest shoots, shorten them by 30%, cut all the others. Shorten the main conductor by 20-25 cm.
- The next year, repeat the procedure, forming the second tier of the crown, consisting of 2-3 branches. Remove the shoots, cut the branches by 20-25%.
- In the fourth year, proceed to the formation of the third tier of branches from one or more shoots. Remove the main conductor completely, as this tree will grow tall, which may cause inconvenience.
Thinning trimming consists of removing branches that thicken the crown. It is carried out on the 5th year of the tree. This procedure is to remove all branches that grow horizontally up. Thin out some of the young branches - this is necessary to lighten the crown. From 8-10 years of age, the plant undergoes anti-aging pruning: remove the ends of the skeletal branches by 25-30%, cut the main conductor no more than 40%. The pear will become lower, more resistant to wind.
Also, the pear needs sanitary pruning - the procedure is carried out at the end of October. Do not tighten with pruning so that the tree has enough time to recover before frosts. Remove all dry, crooked, broken, deformed branches, burn. After trimming the sections, treat them with garden varnish or oil paint in several layers - this will help to avoid the spread of infection.
Winter preparations
Pear variety Bryansk beauty negatively relates to frost when the temperature is below -25 degrees. The tree needs preparation for the winter period:
- Get rid of all the leaves, branches and debris that is under the tree.
- Dig the land of the trunk circle - so you destroy the wintering pests.
- Mulch the pear with a high layer of peat or sawdust. Remove the mulch in the spring, you need to do this on time so that the roots do not lock up.
- Treat the trunk and branches of the first tier with a solution: mix 300 g of copper sulfate, 1 kg of powder clay, 2 kg of lime in 7 l of water. For trees up to 4 years, take 10-12 liters of water so as not to burn the trunk. This procedure helps protect the pear from pests, rodents and frosts.
- Take burlap or fir spruce branches, cover the trunk.
If all these rules are observed, it will be possible to save the pear from freezing and death in the winter.
When snow falls, shake it off the branches so that they do not break. Make a pillow out of snow under a pear - its height is 40-50 cm.
Diseases and Pests
The pear variety is characterized by resistance to disease, but to leave it unattended and proper care is wrong. The Bryansk beauty rarely suffers from such diseases and pests:
Disease / pest | Symptoms | Methods of struggle |
Powdery mildew | With a disease, a whitish coating forms on the shoots, leaves or flowers of a pear, becoming brown over time, then dark spots appear. | Treat the tree with Topaz or Spore. After removing the fruit from the tree, treat the plant with Bordeaux liquid 1%. After the leaves fall, collect and burn it. |
Pear moth | Butterfly leaving its masonry on the peel of a pear. Over time, larvae appear that eat the seeds of the fetus. | Spray the plants with a decoction of wormwood. Grass needs to be prepared during flowering, dried a year before processing. Pour 800 g of grass with 10 liters of water and leave for several hours. Put on fire and simmer for 30 minutes. Strain the broth and dilute in 10 liters of water. In a solution, treat the plants 2-3 times before flowering. |
Leaflet | Small caterpillars penetrating into the kidneys at the time of their swelling. Pests gnaw buds, then move to the foliage and feed on the juice. A leaf wrapper folds leaves into a straw. | Treat all the trees in the garden with Karbofos: dissolve 30 g of the drug in 10 l of water. Spray all the trees during the budding period. The use of tincture of tobacco, tobacco dust or shag is also recommended. Pour 400 g of any ingredient with 10 liters of warm water and let it brew for 48 hours. Strain, dilute another 10 liters of water. The drug spray plants throughout the season, if the first treatment did not help. |
Scab | A disease that occurs in early spring. A greenish-brown tinge forms on the leaves. This leads to drying and shedding of foliage. Further, the disease can go on to the fruits - gray-black spots appear on them. | Prevent the disease: in the early spring and late autumn, treat the tree and soil with 500 g of urea dissolved in 10 l of water. For an adult tree, take 5 liters of solution for each square. m barreled circle - 1 liter. Use Bordeaux liquid - dissolve 100 g quicklime and 100 g copper sulfate in 10 l of water. Treat the tree before budding and after flowering. |
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The variety has more advantages:
- it is a self-pollinated variety;
- attracts with beautiful, large fruits;
- the fruits ripen quickly - the harvest is already in its third year;
- the variety is compatible with other crops (quince stocks);
- plants are resistant to frost;
- trees are not prone to fungal diseases, often resistant to pest attacks.
Pear Bryansk beauty - a unique variety that has virtually no flaws.Of the minuses, only the deterioration in taste and the presence of defects in the appearance of the fruits are distinguished, but only with a lack of moisture, with drought.
Bryansk beauty is a pear variety that is among the leaders of species bred for chernozems. Gardeners appreciate the pear for its good adaptation to the climatic conditions of other regions.
Gardeners reviews
Many gardeners respond positively to the variety, citing the unpretentiousness in care, resistance to various diseases and pest attacks.
Valery, 52 years old, experienced gardener. Planted 2 plants in his summer cottage three years ago. This year I was harvesting - the fruits are large, smooth, with virtually no defects. It tastes good, sweet. Stored for a long time. The wife cans, closes the jam and even makes jam. We are very glad about such a purchase, we did not regret it, because the plants almost do not require care, which is very convenient.
Victoria, 44, a housewife. I live in my own house, I like it when the garden is beautiful, well-groomed and blooming. I learned about the Bryansk beauty from a neighbor - he grows in his garden. I saw it, liked it, and when I tried the fruits themselves, I immediately went for a tree. Plants began to bear fruit in the third year. At first the pears were small, about 150 g, but then they became larger, especially when I started to fertilize the plants.
Mark, 38 years old, beginning gardener. Recently I bought a summer house, it became boring in the summer in the apartment, I was drawn to gardening. First of all, I decided to plant fruit trees. I was in a stupor when I had to choose a pear variety. The seller recommended the Bryansk beauty, told how to care. With regular watering, proper pruning and top dressing, pears give good yields, and time to care is minimized.
Natalia, Moscow
I bought a pear in the past 2018. This year she gave a crop of 8 pears very large and delicious. I weighed one piece 450 g.
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The Bryansk beauty is a pear variety that many beginner and experienced gardeners like. Fruits are characterized by good taste and appearance. During transportation they are not deformed, stored for a long time. If you follow the rules of planting and caring for the plant, you will be able to enjoy sweet fruits every year.
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